Furmint

In 1611, the grape was also noted to have been growing in the Gyepű Valley of the Zemplén Mountains near the town of Erdőbénye, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Tokaj.

[5] In the early 21st century, DNA analysis confirmed that a parent-offspring relationship exist between Furmint and the Hunnic grape Gouais blanc.

As noted by Master of Wine Jancis Robinson, the grape may have been brought to Hungary in the 13th century during the reign of King Béla IV.

A later Italian introduction is credited to a soldier from Collio Goriziano region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia who fought in the Seven Years' War between 1754 (sometimes dated to 1756) and 1763.

The soldier, who was nicknamed Forment from the Italian fromento for "wheat" due to his wheat-colored, reddish blonde beard, was granted the title of Count of Formentin by Empress Maria Theresa.

[5] Furmint is a late-ripening grape variety that also tends to buds early in the growing season which can make the grapevine susceptible to springtime frosts.

While the loose-bunches and thick-skins of the berries make Furmint ideal for producing botrytized dessert wines, the grape can be susceptible to the viticultural hazard of powdery mildew.

The Furmint vine has a high tolerance for drought condition which can allow the grape to be planted in regions with limited irrigation sources.

[5] In Hungary, Furmint has shown a high degree of genetic diversity with several clones and color mutation of the grape being propagated in the Tokaji region.

This, coupled with physical similarities between several strains of white grapevines makes identification of different wines, particularly those in developing Eastern European countries difficult.

In Tokaj, the grape is often blended with Hárslevelű and Sárga Muskotály (Muscat blanc à Petits Grains) to produce the noble rot-influenced dessert wine Tokaji.

Around the villages of Mád, Tállya, Rátka and Tolcsva in Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, the grape has a long history of being used for dry wine production as well.

[5] Dry Furmint came to the attention of wine connoisseurs and experts of the world when the Úrágya 2000 single vineyard selection was introduced by István Szepsy.

[5] In the United States, there are some isolated plantings of Furmint in the California wine region of the Russian River AVA of Sonoma County.

[7] Furmint can be produced in a variety of styles ranging from bone dry to extremely sweet wines affected by noble rot.

As these dessert styles of Furmint age they will often develop more smokey and spicy notes of tobacco, tea, cinnamon and even chocolate.

Gouais blanc, one of the likely parent varieties of Furmint.
Furmint may have been introduced to Hungary during the reign of King Béla IV.
Furmint grape cluster and leaf from Viala et Vermorel's 1901-1910 ampelography texts.
The Hungarian wine grape Zéta (also known as Oremus) is a crossing of Furmint and Bouvier which, like Furmint, is often used in the production of Tokaji.
Village level Furmint
Vineyards in the Tokaj-Hegyalja region where Furmint is most widely planted.
Furmint is most widely known for being a primary component of Tokaji wine.
A bottle of Moslavac, late harvest " prädikat " wine from Međimurje County , northern Croatia