The Reeves AN/MSQ-77 Bomb Directing Central, Radar[6] (nickname "Miscue 77") was a United States Air Force automatic tracking radar/computer system for command guidance of aircraft.
Despite the availability of solid-state military guidance computers in 1961, planning for a USAF vacuum-tube trajectory computer/radar system began in early 1965.
[10] In March 1966,[2] AN/MSQ-77 operations using the "reverse MSQ method"[7] began and continued through August 1973 [2] for guiding B-52s and tactical fighters and bombers[11] ("chiefly flown by F-100's").
Additional AN/MSQ-77 missions included those with MC-130 Commando Vault aircraft to clear landing zones and at least 1 helicopter evacuation of wounded on August 13, 1966.
[16] Developed from the AN/MSQ-77 and also used in Vietnam was the monopulse India-band[verification needed] Reeves AN/TSQ-96 Bomb Directing Central[4] with a solid state Univac 1219B ballistic computer[17] (Mark 152 fire control computer),[5] and the AN/MSQ-77/96 systems for GDB were replaced c. 1990 by the US Dynamics AN/TPQ-43 Radar Bomb Scoring Set ("Seek Score").
[18] There were 5 MSQ-77s at Nellis Air Force Base in 1994,[6] and the "MSQ-77 or equivalent" was still listed in 2005 as support equipment for airdrops from Ground Radar Aerial Delivery System (GRADS) aircraft.
[7][permanent dead link] The AN/MSQ-77 antenna at the "Combat Skyspot Memorial" on Andersen Air Force Base was destroyed by a typhoon c. 2007.
[8] Archived 2015-11-07 at the Wayback Machine Initial AN/MSQ-77 sites were the production plant Reeves-Ely had built in 1958 at Roosevelt Field[19] on East Gate Blvd in Garden City, New York; and the Matagorda Island test site also used for "Busy Skyspot" training of Vietnam crews [9] (moved to Bergstrom AFB in 1970).
The Cartesian aircraft data were propagated by the BTG mathematical modeling which included aerodynamics for different bombs, Earth "curvature and Coriolis corrections", and vacuum tube integrating amplifiers.
Although the 1967 Commando Club missions against North Vietnam by the 7th Air Force were temporarily suspended due to successful enemy defenses on November 18, the AN/MSQ-77 variant at LS-85 had effected a direct hit (zero miss distance) as well as a 5 mi (8.0 km) miss—its Commando Club CEP through November 16 for "14 runs was 867 feet".