At Mount Carmel Hospital patients with mental health problems are assisted and supported for their social network.

[1] A proposal by Italian refugee Francesco Cianciolo was selected over other entries which had been submitted by G. Bonavia, V. Mallia & A. Caruana, G. Grognet and G. Diacono.

[1] After works had commenced, it came to light that Cianciolo's designs did not include basic necessities and had been plagiarised from 1818 plans of the Wakefield Asylum in England.

[1] In August 1887 cholera broke out in the asylum during an island-wide epidemic, prompting the government to commence efforts to enlarge the building in 1889.

[1][3] An Agricultural Colony was added in 1892,[3] and plans and photographs of the enlarged asylum were exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, during which the institution was awarded a medal and a certificate of merit.

The Committee for the Prevention of Torture criticised its atmosphere and material conditions in 2016, and in the same year some wards were closed after being declared unsafe.

A 2018 audit revealed that the hospital lacked adequate funding, staffing and security,[5] and by 2019 the ceilings of many of the wards had been condemned and patients' beds were being moved to corridors.

[1] The hospital's main gate features sculpted coats of arms of the William Reid and John Gaspard Le Marchant, the British Governors of Malta during whose tenure the building was constructed.