[2] (This list is based on USGS data and may include former settlements.)

As of the 2020 census[1] there were 1,963 people, 947 households, and 553 families residing in the township.

The racial makeup of the township was 94.65% White, 0.41% African American, 0.00% Native American, 0.20% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.66% from other races, and 4.08% from two or more races.

33.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.50% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

Notable people from the rural portion of Mount Carroll Township include First Lady of Illinois Bina Deneen (1868–1950), who was born and raised there.