Even though Omar Ali Saifuddin II still possessed the royal regalia, his son Muhammad Alam felt entitled to the throne as he rose to prominence during his own rule.

This move aimed to preserve the royal lineage and stability within Brunei's political traditions, ensuring that Omar Ali would eventually ascend to the throne.

The line of succession appeared secure, especially given that his daughter, Raja Isteri Noralam, was the infant heir's mother, likely garnering public support.

This prudence was required, according to Jamil Al-Sufri's book titled, Survival of Brunei in 2009, since European powers' attempts to exert influence throughout Southeast Asia were frequently thwarted by courageous Bruneian leaders like Muhammad Alam.

Pengiran Muda's actions were seen as a defence of Brunei's sovereignty and his father's authority, asserting the strength and pride of the Bruneian royal family.

Although local sources indicate that the sultan's court approved the arrangement, Garnham swiftly wrapped up his business and departed Brunei because he was uncomfortable with Muhammad Alam's severe and irritable manner during the audience.

[23] During his own rule, Kanzul Alam pursued an isolationist foreign policy, minimising contact with European powers while maintaining cordial relations with them.

These incidents point to Muhammad Alam already exercising full control over Brunei's affairs between 1823 and 1826, reinforcing claims that he effectively governed during his father’s later years.

A significant shift in Brunei's economic strategy occurred in 1824 when the sultan sent 119 prahus to Singapore, loaded with valuable goods such as antimony and black pepper.

The appointment of Pengiran Indera Mahkota as governor in 1827 demonstrated Kanzul Alam's intent to assert Brunei's authority in Sarawak, aiming to control its resources, particularly antimony and gold.

[24]After receiving his father's approval to ascend the throne, Muhammad Alam felt confident in his claim to leadership, despite lacking the crown and the state Keris Si Naga, symbols of absolute power.

His attempt to usurp the throne, however, was met with opposition, as it violated the pact between Muhammad Tajuddin and Kanzul Alam and breached Brunei's established succession laws.

While Muhammad Alam's strong leadership and authoritarian nature earned him admiration, especially from foreign envoys, it also alienated the local populace, leading to widespread dissatisfaction and resistance.