[12][13] Retaining his aforementioned role, he was appointed again by his father, to serve as chief commander of the land forces of the UPDF from 24 June 2021[3][4] to 4 October 2022, when he was removed following tweets on X (née Twitter) claiming to be able to capture Nairobi in less than two weeks.

[5] Despite this, Muhoozi was on March 21, 2024, appointed by his father, Museveni as the Chief of Defence[14]—a position that effectively makes him the head of Uganda's Military.

Both the UPDF and the SFC are accused of using excessive force,[15][16][17][18] as well as abductions;[19][20] Muhoozi and other senior officials are mentioned in an International Criminal Court complaint.

[23] The stated reason was to fight against the jihadist linked rebel group Allied Democratic Forces (ADF)[24] based in eastern Congo along the border with Uganda.

[28] In 2007 he was admitted to a one-year course at the United States Army Command and General Staff College at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas, graduating in June 2008.

He quickly made promotion within UPDF although some of Museveni's close colleagues from the Ugandan Bush War as David Sejusa and Kizza Besigye opposed this.

Later that year in October, following a series of unnecessary, posturing, and diplomacy-damaging tweets on the social media platform X (Twitter); the likes of which included threats of 'him' leading 'his army' to invade neighbouring Kenya and 'capturing' Nairobi[42] in a matter of two weeks; and the touting of controversial Russian invasion of Ukraine, etcetera, Muhoozi was sacked from military office by Museveni.

[46] In February 2024, Gen. Muhoozi re-branded the "Muhoozi Project" into the "Patriotic League of Uganda"; it's sole aim—ostensibly—to work towards reviving in Ugandans a spirit of good citizenship, national pride, national service, protection of vulnerable persons, combating corruption and mismanagement of public resources, and environmental protection without hinting on its political advocacy as an interest group.

[47][48] In 2019 Rwanda's key demands included Uganda ceasing its apparent support for anti-Kigali elements and the release of its citizens—it claims the Ugandans abducted.

In 2022, Muhoozi took on a task that Angola's President João Manuel Lourenço and Democratic Republic of Congo's Félix Tshisekedi failed to accomplish in 2019, when they facilitated four meetings between Paul Kagame and Museveni.

This successful operation was organized to degrade the combat capacities of the rebel Lord's Resistance Army in Garamba, deep in the jungles of the Congo.

[53][54][55] Due to his role as commander of the SFC, Kainerugaba has been named in a complaint to the International Criminal Court (ICC) over abductions of Ugandan citizens and Human rights abuses.

[57][58][59][60][61][62][excessive citations] A US$17 million tender contract to deliver medical oxygen was awarded to Silverbacks, a company owned by Muhoozi's wife Charlotte, leading to accusations of corruption.

It is also stated in the UPDF Act 7 of 2005, under Disgraceful conduct, section 139, that, "A person in the Defence Forces who is drunk, whether or not on duty, commits an offence and is on conviction, liable to imprisonment not exceeding seven years.

[citation needed] In February 2022, he expressed support for Russia's invasion of Ukraine and wrote that Russian President Vladimir Putin "is absolutely right!".

[72] On 3 October 2022, Muhoozi caused a diplomatic incident with Kenya when, on Twitter, he threatened to invade the country and conquer Nairobi, compelling his father to apologise for the comments.

[73] In December 2024, Muhoozi threatened on X to "capture" Khartoum after Donald Trump reassumes the US presidency in 2025, prompting the Sudanese government to demand an official apology.

[75] Muhoozi has been dubbed by some in the media as the 'tweeting General'[76] in reference to his sudden prolific use of X, frequently posting content that some do not view as befitting of someone of his rank and position in the Army and in Uganda's social sphere.

Through X, Muhoozi has actively commented on Uganda's fractured relationship with Rwanda promising to speak with his 'uncle', Rwandan President Paul Kagame to allow for the re-opening of their country's border, which was closed by Rwanda in 2019 in a diplomatic protest accusing Uganda of harboring and supporting elements that the government considered active in attempting to destabilize the country.

However, there are some who believe that the President's son-in-law and Senior Presidential Advisor for Special Duties, Odrek Rwabwogo, is also interested in succeeding Museveni, creating two competing camps.

[84] The unusual approach Muhoozi had taken to using his Twitter account to comment publicly on somewhat sensitive issues across Uganda and the region placed him and the UPDF under heavy spotlight as he is the commander of the land forces of the country's military.