The refuge includes several intermittent salt lakes, some of which have been modified to extend their wet periods.

If sufficient water is present during the winter, the refuge hosts tens of thousands of sandhill cranes.

Other wildlife includes wood warblers, meadowlarks, raptors, burrowing owls, black-tailed prairie dogs, jackrabbits, cottontail rabbits, coyotes, black-footed ferrets, spotted chorus frogs, and badgers.

The prairie ecosystem includes plant life such as wildflowers, grasses, yucca, cacti, and mesquite.

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