Born in Kazan, he entered secondary school run by Social Democrats there in 1899.
He participated in the 1905 revolutionary events and in 1906 he joined a Marxist study circle.
In 1907, he entered economical department of St Petersburg Polytechnic Institute and moved to the law department of St Petersburg Psychoneurological Institute in 1912.
There, he met Vladimir Bekhterev, Mikhail Frunze, Yakov Gamarnik, Larisa Reisner.
[citation needed] In August 1918, he fought in the defence of Kazan from an attack by Czechoslovak Legion forces, but he was captured and hanged.