Munio Weinraub

Munio Gitai Weinraub (March 6, 1909 – September 24, 1970) was an Israeli architect, a pioneer of modern architecture and urban and environmental planning in Israel, and one of the most prominent representatives of the Bauhaus heritage in the country.

From the beginning of his career, Weinraub sought to combine the values of Hannes Meyer's social planning with the meticulous construction art of Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.

Munio Gitai Weinraub was born in the small town of Szumlany in Galicia and grew up in the city of Bielsko, in Silesia - German-speaking region of Poland.

Walter Gropius, who founded the Bauhaus in 1919 as an anti-academic school of the Arts & Crafts type, succeeded in expressing the collaborative spirit of the younger generation, who sought to break free from the barren social and political approaches that led to World War I.

Their work focused on serving local labor movement institutions and designing schools, cultural structures, factories, employee housing, kibbutzim, private residences, office buildings and industrial facilities.

When Weinraub and Mansfeld dissolved their partnership, it was one of the leading firms in Israel, regularly published in Bauen und Wohnen, L'Architecture d'Aujourd'hui, and other international publications.

Weinraub continued his distinguished career on his own, pursuing commissions for socially conscious architecture, working for the labor federation, the kibbutzim, and various educational institutions.

This project perhaps best embodies his lifetime commitment to create useful works, designed with precise details and expert knowledge of materials to achieve a serene, minimalist aesthetic.

He sought to bring to the Jewish settlements in Palestine a transcendent modern architecture that would resist ideological frames and operate neutrally to serve basic human needs through elegance, progressive technology, and infrastructural foresight.

As he made sure to pay attention to the modes of production, Gitai-Weinraub invested energy in the tectonic aspects of design and brilliantly solved specific questions of how elements were to be joined and materials were to be finished, so that the building process could be executed properly.

This deferential attitude was consistent with the theories of the Neu Sachlichkeit (new objectivity), a strain of unsentimental Functionalism that was prominent during the years of the architect's training in Germany.

Considering the glaring incongruences that characterize the current urban environment in Israel as well as in any Westernized nation, Gitai Weinraub's sense of deference serves as a profound lesson.

Such as they tiny cubicle houses in the workers’ suburbs of Haifa, to the grander projects of the 1950s, such as the Meiser Institute of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, Gitai Weinraub's buildings have a harmonious sense of integration of materials, structure, and spatial organization that conveys the quality of security and wholeness.

Gitai-Weinraub's work can be described as typical of his generation's spirit, but a close examination of his buildings reveals that the great attention he devoted to the details also distinguished them in this context.

In 1941 the Phoenicia Glass factory was the first of the large building industries in Haifa to be purchased by Solel Boneh, a Histadrut-controlled company, followed by the Vulcan Metal Works, whose sheds and furnaces were designed by Weinraub in the same year.

Weinraub and Mansfeld had many projects for the Histadrut institutions and its members, those that have been built and those that have remained on paper, including about 8,000 housing units for workers' subsidiaries such as Shikun-Ovdim and Solel-Boneh.

The most prominent of these projects, apart from the Beit Hapoalim compound in Hadar, was the warehouse and office building of Hamashbir HaMarkasi, the cooperative that marketed the produce of all the collectives in the Hebrew community.

Munio Weinraub and Louis Kahn .
Munio Gitai Weinraub, Haifa, 1960, photo : Avshalom Ben David
Yad La'Banim, Kirayt Haim, Munio Gitai Weinraub, 1952–1956, photo: Gabriele Basilico
Sketch of Yad La'Banim. Kiryat Haim, Munio Gitai Weinraub, 1952-1956
Hydraulic Institute of the Technion in Haifa, Munio Weinraub et Al Mansfeld architects, 1953–1956, photo: Gabriele Basilico
Design sketch for the dining hall in Kibbutz Kfar Masaryk, Munio Gitai Weinraub, 1965
Spiral staircase, administration and library building in Yad Vashem Museum, Jerusalem, Munio Weinraub et Al Mansfeld architects, 1953-1955, photo: Gabriele Basilico
Sketch of Yad Vashem's administration and library building, Munio Weinraub
Sketch of dining hall of Kibbutz Kafr Masaryk, Munio Gitai Weinraub, 1965