Muraqabah

[2] The word murāqabah is derived from rā-qāf-bāʿ,[3] which means to guard and watch over with the expectation of noticing any change, unique qualities or abnormalities of a given thing.

Due to the intense heat and difficult terrain of the Arabian Peninsula, the ability to recognize the constellations and their seasonal divergences was a critical skill.

Not only is the person continuously in a state of mindfulness but they are also cognizant that their Lord is aware as well, creating a reciprocal relation.

[8] One of the sentiments of philosopher and theologian Al-Ghāzālī (d. 505 AH/1111 CE) centers around God-consciousness; he stated that it is the obligation of the creation to be in constant awareness of its creator.

Once one understands this, they must follow a level of etiquette and protocol which are but not limited to: The physical benefits of murāqabah are similar to standard meditation.

The outside of a zāwiyah , a place where Sufis would conduct their murāqabah sessions which was usually in a private section of a masjid
Inside a zāwiyah , a place where sufis would conduct their murāqabah sessions which was usually a private affair