It borders the People's Republic of China to the north, across the Tumen River.

The Musan area has long been known for iron ore mines, lumber, and potatoes.

Individual farmers in Musan raise cows, chicken, ducks, and rabbits.

Musan and the surrounding region was greatly affected by flooding in 2016 as the result of Typhoon Lionrock.

[1] Musan County is divided into 1 ŭp (town), 6 rodongjagu (workers' districts) and 15 ri (villages):