My Brother's Keeper is a 1982 science fiction novel by Charles Sheffield, published as a paperback original by Ace Books in 1982.

The story takes place in approximately 2000 from the perspective of the early 80s.

The hero of the story is a professional concert pianist, who has a twin brother who does mysterious work for the US State Department.

The brothers are in a helicopter crash and in order for one of them to survive, doctors use experimental neurosurgery to combine parts of their remaining brains.

John Clute described the novel as "energetic [but] culpable in its partial failure to deliver the goods," faulting Sheffield for setting up "a split-brain problem to end all split-brain problems" posing significant philosophical issues, then jettisoning them to write "an international chase thriller.