Napoleon Manuel Kheil

Napoleon Manuel Kheil (19 October 1849, Prague, Bohemia – 1 November 1923 Prague, Czechoslovakia) was a Czech zoologist and entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera and Orthoptera.

He explored the flora and fauna of the Sierra Nevada and other regions of Spain and translated into Czech Pedro Calderon De La Barca's play Life is a dream.

Besides Czech and Spanish, he also spoke fluent German, and French.

A collector who in his time had one of the largest private collections of insects collected in Czechoslovakia Napoleon Manuel Kheil was a member and one of the founders of the Czech Entomological Society.

After his death, his collection of more than 27.000 specimen of insects was bequeathed by the Czech National Museum.