The National Guard Forces Command of the Russian Federation (Russian: Войска национальной гвардии Российской Федерации, romanized: Voyska Natsionalnoy Gvardii Rossiyskoi Federatsii) is the operational gendarmerie component of the National Guard of Russia, created through a presidential decree on April 5, 2016.

Functionally, it is a gendarmerie organized along paramilitary lines with a mission to ensure public order, national security and defense against terrorism.

From 1565 to 1572 the Oprichnina and its agents, the oprichniki, served, under the behest of Tsar Ivan IV, as the first ever police service in Russia with a national focus.

Today's National Guard Forces Command traces their lineage and heritages from the Internal Guards Gendarmerie units, established in 1811 and tasked with public security, rear area defense and police duties, and the Gendarmerie Regiment of the Imperial Russian Army, raised in 1815 with the re-designation of the Borisoglebsk Dragoon Regiment which served in Napoleon's invasion of Russia in 1812.

27 March] 1811, officially disbanding the police dragoon troops and the paramilitary police formations, plus military garrison battalions and/or squadrons under the Imperial Army, which were reorganized into Internal Guards brigades and districts, all under the leadership of Adjutant General Yevgraf Fedotovich Komarovskiy, its first commander.

Meanwhile, the need for and benefits of mounted troops as part of the service presented the government with the formation of personnel, even as the French 1812 invasion of Russia interrupted its work.

Based on that assumption, and as it turned out on the experience of disadvantage depending on the civil authorities of military commands in the years after the war, the Police Dragoons, now the Gendarmerie of the Internal Guards Corps, were reactivated in 1817.

(At the same time the Third Section of His Imperial Majesty's Own Chancellery was established, but it was starting 1837 that the Chief of Gendarmes also assumed concurrent duties as its chairman.)

In 1990, the establishment of the RSFSR MVD meant that the Internal Troops in the Russian SFSR were now subordinated to the republican ministry.

On 6 April 2016, President Putin submitted to the State Duma lower house of parliament of the Federal Assembly the draft framework law for this new executive body titled "On the Russian National Guard Troops" along with its corresponding amendments[4] that contains a provision for the protection of pregnant women, children, disabled persons and crowds that states: It shall be prohibited to use firearms against women with the visible signs of pregnancy, people with the apparent signs of disability and underage persons, except for the cases when such persons put up armed resistance, make an assault involving a group of attackers or commit another attack threatening the life and health of citizens or a National Guard serviceman, and it shall also be prohibited to use firearms at largely crowded places, if their use may casually hurt people.

[5]The NGF, as legal successor to the SCG and IT-MIA, is mandated as a paramilitary gendarmerie at the national level.