[1] The LNPLV refers to a tradition from the end of the 19th century, "the Universal League of Antivaccinators" (or "the International League of Antivaccinators" founded by the Belgian ophthalmologist, Dr Hubert Boëns (1825-1898) in 1880),[4] which represented a scholarly "anti-vaccinism" bringing together only doctors and personalities, holding international congresses (Cologne 1881, Charleroi 1885).
The action of this current aimed to postpone the obligation of vaccination against smallpox in France (Liouville 1880 bill) until the vote of the law of 1902.
[citation needed] Under the title of National League against the obligation of vaccinations, the association was founded in 1954, by a merger of three groups opposed to the vaccination obligation extended to BCG in 1950:[5] "Health and Freedom" League, founded in 1948 by Jules Tissot [fr] of the Natural History Museum; Association of Parents of Vaccination Victims; people from the "La Vie claire [fr]" movement, led by Henri-Charles Geffroy [fr].
[6] The association also brings together hygienist movements advocating fasting, vegetarianism... as well as the current of Freinet pedagogy [fr].
[7] Ligue nationale contre les vaccinations obligatoires This article about an organization in France is a stub.