The museum is a research and resource centre focused on the history of Czech education, pedagogy, teachers and educatedness, referring to the life, work and legacy of John Amos Comenius.

The collections comprise library items specialised in the development of Czech education in the European context, of an archive of written documents by classical authors in the field of pedagogy (including the so-called Slavín), a photo-archive and a collection of precious teaching aids including school pictures, graphic sheets, artistic prints and maps.

The Přemysl Pitter and Olga Fierz Archive forms an inseparable part of the museum.

A. Comenius in Prague is a public specialized pedagogical library contains books and magazines of education, upbringing and related sciences.

The beginnings of the library are closely linked with the modern history of the independent Czechoslovak state.