Navojoa is the fifth-largest municipality in Sonora (after Hermosillo, Cajeme, Nogales and San Luis Río Colorado) with a population of 163,650 as of 2015.

[1] The municipality shares its boundaries with Cajeme and Quiriego in the north, with Álamos in the east, with Huatabampo in the southwest and with Etchojoa in the west.

Other towns, near the municipal seat are San Ignacio Cohuirimpo, Guadalupe, Guayparin, Tetanchopo, Santa María del Bauraje, Agiabampo, Masiaca, Bacabachi, and Pueblo Viejo.

There is also an extensive network of tarmacked roads, connecting the municipal seat with the agricultural communities in the Mayo valley.

One quarter of the municipality (1,160 km2) is occupied by irrigated agricultural lands, growing wheat, corn, soybeans, and garden vegetables.