Neckartailfingen is a municipality in Germany, located approximately 20 km (12 mi) south of Stuttgart.

Built by order of the Hirsau abbey, the town's landmark church—the Romanesque Martinskirche—was probably completed in the year 1111.

In the Thirty Years' War Neckartailfingen was destroyed after the Battle of Nördlingen (1634) by the infamous dragoons of colonel Walter Butler of Roscrea.

Until 1976, the Deutsche Bundesbahn maintained a station at the Plochingen-Tübingen railway, which was about two kilometers away from the place.

The public transport is operated by the Verkehrs- und Tarifverbund Stuttgart.