Neonelsonia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae.

[1] It just contains one species, Neonelsonia acuminata, native to southern Mexico, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Panamá, Peru and Venezuela.

[3][4] The genus name of Neonelsonia is in honour of Edward William Nelson (1855–1934), an American naturalist and ethnologist.

[5] The Latin specific epithet of acuminata is derived from acuminatus meaning tapering.

[1] The species was first described as Arracacia acuminata in 1845, and transferred to Neonelsonia in 1898.