Neospora is a single celled parasite of livestock and companion animals.

Neosporosis, the disease that affects cattle and companion animals, has a worldwide distribution.

In dogs, Neospora caninum can cause neurological signs, especially in congenitally infected puppies, where it can form cysts in the central nervous system.

Neospora caninum is a major pathogen of cattle and dogs that occasionally causes clinical infections in horses, goats, sheep, and deer as well.

Another important factor is the gestational age and hence immunocompetence of the fetus at the time of infection.

Recent studies have broadened the list of known intermediate hosts to include birds.

The parasite will undergo asexual reproduction in the animal's muscle until it is eaten by a dog.

The life cycle is typified by three infectious stages: tachyzoites, tissue cysts, and oocysts [7] Tachyzoites and tissue cysts are the stages found in the intermediate hosts, and they occur intracellularly.

Detection: the presence of cerebral and cardiac lesions can be seen on aborted bovine fetuses originating from a single farm.

Most of the abortions take place between the 5th and 6th months of pregnancy [9] The fetus is either resorbed, autolyzed, mummified, stillborn, born alive with clinical signs, or born clinically normal but chronically infected.