Bilateral relations between the Netherlands and Thailand date back to 1604,[1] as one of the earliest interactions between Europeans and Siamese.

[5] However, the posts in Songkhla and Pattani were abandoned around 1623 by the governor-general of the Dutch East Indies, Jan Pieterszoon Coen.

[5] After Japan lifted its ban on foreign trade, the Dutch began making more investments into Siam and its exports of dear hides, sappanwood, and ray skins.

Later in April 1633, Joost Schouten was instructed to construct a new trading post in Ayutthaya which costed about US$750,000 today and was completed in 1634 at Baan Holllanda.

[5] In 1636, the Dutch established a second post at the mouth of the Chao Phraya river, on the west bank at Samut Prakan called 'Amsterdam' which operated as a warehouse.

On the 11th, the two were convicted of attacking the palace of Prasat Thong's brother and were sentenced to death by elephant trampling.

However, the VOC chief at Ayutthaya, Jeremias van Vliet, managed to secure their release but was forced to take responsibility for all Dutch people in Siam in the future.

[18] In 1649, the VOC forwarded a claim to the Siamese government which Prasat Thong refused to accept, which was met by Jeremais van Vielt with anger.

[19] By September 1663, the VOC sent three ships to blockade the Chao Phraya river and demanded the release of their men and merchandise.

Then on 21 June 1664, Pieter De Bitter sent an envoy to Siam who managed to renew the Dutch-Siamese treaty on 22 August 1664.

However, King Narai hoped to curb Dutch influence over Siam by forming new relations with other Europeans, such as the French.

But from 1752 to 1756, the post at Nakhron Sri Thammarat reopened for the Japanese market but was closed again as the VOC focused on their East Indies holdings.

Thai imports of Dutch goods consisted mainly of electronic circuits, chemicals, machinery, scientific tools, dairy and animal products.

In contrast, Thai exports of goods to the Netherlands were mainly computer parts, printer and telephone sets, electrical equipment, electronic circuits, poultry and rubber products.

[23] The Netherlands particularly supports Thailand with agriculture and water management, with both countries being vulnerable to flooding and Climate Change.

[2] KLM Royal Dutch Airlines currently operates direct flight routes between Amsterdam and Suvarnabhumi airport.