The Netherlands were represented at the 2006 European Athletics Championships by the following athletes.

Men's 200 metres: Women's 200 metres: Men's 400 metres: Women's 400 metres: Men's 800 metres: Women's 1500 metres: Women's 1500 metres: Men's 5000 metres: Women's 10,000 metres: Men's marathon: Men's 110 metre hurdles: Men's 3000 metre steeplechase: Women's 3000 metre steeplechase: Men's 4x100 metre relay: Men's high jump: Men's pole vault: Women's pole vault: Women's long jump: Men's shot put: Women's shot put: Men's discus: Men's decathlon: Women's heptathlon: Netherlands at other European Championships in 2006