Neuroglobin is a member of the vertebrate globin family involved in cellular oxygen homeostasis and reactive oxygen/nitrogen scavenging.

It is an intracellular hemoprotein expressed in the central and peripheral nervous system, cerebrospinal fluid, retina and endocrine tissues.

Neuroglobin is a monomer that reversibly binds oxygen with an affinity higher than that of hemoglobin.

Recent research confirmed the presence of human neuroglobin protein in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

[8] A practical treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning based on binding of CO by neuroglobin (Ngb) with a mutated distal histidine (H64Q) appears to be possible.