NH ANG units are trained and equipped by the Air Force and are operationally gained by a Major Command of the USAF if federalized.

State missions include disaster relief in times of earthquakes, hurricanes, floods and forest fires, search and rescue, protection of vital public services, and support to civil defense.

[3] The NH ANG origins date to the formation of the 133d Fighter Squadron at Grenier Field, Manchester, receiving federal recognition on 4 April 1947.

The squadron was then attached to the Air Defense Command 23d Fighter-Interceptor Wing at Presque Isle AFB in Maine on 1 April 1951 with no change of mission.

Over half of New Hampshire's soldiers and airmen served overseas, conducting various security and infantry missions, providing medical care, building schools, and fostering international relations.

[4] On 8 July 2024, the commanding officer of the NH ANG, Brigadier General John Pogorek, was killed in a hit and run accident on Crown Point Road in Rochester, New Hampshire.