Nicolás Estévanez

[1] A defender of the Africanness of his native Canary Islands,[2] which were a central motif of his written work,[3] he espoused a blend of anti-european, atheist, anticlerical, revolutionary and anarchist ideals.

[8] On 27 November 1871, he was stationed in Cuba with the rank of captain when eight students were executed by the authorities who found them guilty of anti-Spanish activities and of vandalizing some tomb sites.

He later was elected member of parliament and was appointed minister in the cabinet of Pi y Margall during the First Spanish Republic but with the restoration of the monarchy he went into exile in Paris, France.

Described in police reports as an "everlasting conspirator and expert in explosive devices",[10] he has been pointed out as a presumed plotter in the attempted regicide of Alfonso XIII on 31 May 1906.

[11] He would have moved from his Parisian exile to Barcelona earlier in the month, reportedly holding a meeting at Tibidabo with Francisco Ferrer and Mateo Morral—the physical perpetrator—before leaving for Cuba.