Nikolai Alexeyevich Vychuzhanin (Russian: Николай Алексеевич Вычужанин; 23 February 1919 – 26 June 1964) was a Red Army junior lieutenant and a Hero of the Soviet Union.

Vychuzhanin was awarded the title on 15 January 1944 for his actions in crossing the Dnieper in eastern Belarus, in which he commanded a 37th Guards Rifle Division machine gun platoon.

Vychuzhanin's platoon, according to his Hero of the Soviet Union citation, repulsed 20 counterattacks, killing up to 400 German soldiers.

Vychuzhanin was born on 23 February 1919 to a peasant family in Ashkeldino, Kostroma Governorate (now Nizhny Novgorod Oblast's Tonkinsky District).

He lived and worked in the village of Adayevka in the Kamyshninsky District of Kostanay Region in northwestern Kazakhstan.