Niobium perchlorate is a chemical compound with the formula Nb(ClO4)5.
It is a hygroscopic, white crystalline solid that readily reacts with moist air or water to produce niobium(V) oxide.
[1][2] Niobium perchlorate is produced from the reaction of niobium pentachloride and anhydrous perchloric acid:[1] It decomposes at 70 °C (343 K; 158 °F) to niobyl perchlorate, releasing dichlorine heptoxide:[1] Niobyl perchlorate further decomposes at 115 °C (388 K; 239 °F) to NbO2ClO4, which decomposes at 220 °C (493 K; 428 °F) to niobium pentoxide.
[1] Perchloratoniobates, such as Cs[Nb(ClO4)6] and Cs2[Nb(ClO4)7], are produced by the reaction of perchlorate sources, such as cesium perchlorate and niobium perchlorate, in anhydrous perchloric acid at 0 °C (273 K; 32 °F).
[1] Although the structure of niobium perchlorate has not been elucidated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, the structure has been probed by IR spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction.