197 Squadron RAF was a Royal Air Force Squadron formed in World War I and reformed as a fighter-bomber unit in World War II.

197 Squadron Royal Flying Corps was formed in Egypt on 9 August 1917, but it disbanded on 17 November 1917 upon re-designation as an artillery observation school, having not received any aircraft.

The squadron reformed on 21 November 1942 at RAF Turnhouse and was supplied with Typhoons.

It supported the Normandy landings in June 1944 and re-located to France where it followed the Allied advance across Europe seeking targets of opportunity.

On 3 May 1945 the squadron took part in the attack that resulted in the sinking of the SS Cap Arcona.