[6] It has a mosaic of habitats situated in a transition zone where the Amazon rainforest and cerrado, a type of dry forest and savanna, meet.

Its importance is because it contains an "array of habitat types" which contain a high biodiversity, "including viable populations of many globally threatened large vertebrates".

[3] A study on pollen cores, carbon isotopes and percentage of charcoal in the soil has shown though that the evergreen rainforests found in the park did not always exist.

Although for dozens of millennia there was savanna, there has been a progressive vegetation succession since the mid-Holocene, with savanna giving way to semi-deciduous forest, and then to evergreen rainforest in the region, attributed to higher atmospheric carbon dioxide, and increased annual precipitation and a decrease in the length and severity of the dry season due to more regional convection due to the precession cycle according to the Milankovitch Astronomical Theory.

A drier climate could lead to an increase in fire frequency, allowing for an ecological shift of rainforest back to dry forest.

The rocks of the tableland comprise Proterozoic sandstones, deposited around 1 billion years ago, intruded by a tholeiitic sill/dyke complex.

The surface of the tableland is overlain by Cretaceous sandstones, and there are laterites and siliceous duricrusts which mark stages of Tertiary uplift and peneplanation.

The cliffs of the Huanchaca Plateau (also known as Caparu Meseta) rise up to 300 metres (985 ft) tall and in many locations there have formed waterfalls.

Other species do better in specific habitats such as the cerrado (Gramineae, Cyperaceae, Labiatae, and Compositae) or in savanna wetlands (Lythraceae, Sterculiaceae, Onagraceae, Eriocaulaceae, and Xyridaceae).

[7] This area has some large populations of megafauna such as lowland tapir (Tapirus terrestris), brocket deer (Mazama spp.

[1] There are a number of large animals included in the Red Book of Bolivian Vertebrates, including Pampas deer (Ozotoceros bezoarticus), marsh deer (Blastocenus dichotomus), maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus), greater rhea(Rhea americana), and giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridacyla).