Born in Sunchang, North Jeolla, Noh attended Gwangju Jeil High School and studied political diplomacy at Yonsei University.

[1][2][3][4] He also obtained 2 master's degrees; one in public administration from Seoul National University while another one in international economics at Sciences Po.

[1][2][4] He is a colleague to Kim Hyun-mee, the former and the first Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport under the President Moon Jae-in.

[4] In August 2016, Noh became the 2nd Deputy Minister for Government Policy Coordination under the then President Park Geun-hye.

[5] On 16 April 2021, Noh was nominated the new Minister of Land, Infrastructure and Transport, replacing the controversial incumbent Byeon Chang-heum.