The Northwest Shelf Province includes the coastal waters and continental shelf of north-western Western Australia between North West Cape and Cape Leveque.
The Northwest Shelf Transition lies east of Cape Leveque.
To the north the continental slope descends towards the Indian Ocean's abyssal plain.
Surface waters are derived from the Indonesian Throughflow, and circulate through the province via branches of the South Equatorial and Eastern Gyral currents.
[4] The Integrated Marine and Coastal Regionalisation of Australia (IMCRA) identifies five distinct meso-scale bioregions that make up the province.