Nova Pazova was founded during Habsburg administration in 1791 in a marshy area and was populated by Evangelical Protestant German (Danube Swabian) settlers.

The settlement grew from 51 initial settlers – including folk from Benningen, Marbach am Neckar, Schopfheim, Schorndorf, and Tübingen, in the Palatinate and Hesse, as well as Maglić in the Bačka.

On 6 October 1944, the German-speaking inhabitants fled before the advancing Soviet army on a massive horse trek to Upper Austria.

After the war (since 1945), the settlement was populated by new (mostly Serb) settlers, who originated from Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia and other parts of Serbia.

Population censuses that were conducted after World War II recorded a Serb ethnic majority in Nova Pazova.