Jungut Batu and Mushroom Bay are the centres of the tourist-based industry and activities on the island[5] whilst much of the permanent local population resides in Lembongan Village.
[6] Nusa Lembongan is served by regular direct speed-boat services, mostly from the east-coast Bali resort town of Sanur.
The economy is largely based on tourism and Nusa Lembongan is the only one of the three neighbouring islands to have any significant tourism-based infrastructure.
[8] There is also subsistence agriculture and fishing[9] on the island, and a seaweed farming micro-industry until as recently as 2015 when due to tourism and pollution it became nonviable.
[12] Marine conservation is considered extremely important to sustaining future levels of tourism on the island[8] and in February 2009, a local NGO from Nusa Lembongan, facilitated by The Nature Conservancy Coral Triangle Center, opened a community centre on Nusa Lembongan.
[13] Other conservation initiatives include a release programme of vulnerable olive ridley turtles from Sunset Beach on the southwestern coast.