[1] His first business venture was the establishment of a fireworks factory in the 1930s under the brand Leo, located in Rembang, Central Java.
[4] It continued producing fireworks throughout the Second World War until it shut down business after Indonesia's proclamation of Independence.
[6] The company was established on 21 April 1951 on Bitingan Kudus Street with 10 employees.
[citation needed] He was born in Lasem Regency, Central Java, Dutch East Indies.
His date of birth and mother is unknown, his father's name is Oei Tjiep Djien.