Oenothera xylocarpa is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name woodyfruit evening primrose.

It grows in coniferous forest and meadow habitat, often in soils rich in pumice and other gravel.

It is a perennial herb growing from a thick taproot and producing a flat, dense rosette of hairy, gray-green leaves.

Each has four petals which may be nearly 4 centimeters long, bright yellow in color, fading pink to red with age.

The fruit is a straight, curving, or twisting capsule which may be up to 9 centimeters long.