The western terminus of SR 131 is at a signalized intersection with U.S. Route 50 (US 50) in the eastern Cincinnati suburb of Milford.

Its eastern terminus is at a T-intersection with SR 138 approximately 7.50 miles (12.07 km) southwest of Hillsboro.

The path of SR 131 takes it through northern Clermont County, northwestern Brown County and western Highland County.

There are no segments of SR 131 that are included within the National Highway System (NHS), a network of highways deemed to be most important for the economy, mobility and defense of the country.

Originally, the highway was routed along its present alignment from its current western terminus in Milford to its junction with US 50, at the time designated as SR 26, southwest of Fayetteville.