The current Secretary of Education is Nellie Sanders, who was appointed by Governor Kevin Stitt in 2024.

The Office monitors the Education Department's programs to ensure local school districts are performing in accordance with State standards.

The Office's mission focus is divided into two mission areas: Educational Quality through teacher preparation and training and Accountability through performance reviews The Office of Accountability was created in 1990 to oversee school performance and the Oklahoma Commission for Teacher Preparation was created in 1995 to establish standards for teacher candidates.

In 2012, Governor of Oklahoma Mary Fallin signed SB 1797 into law, consolidating the two agencies into the single Office of Educational Quality and Accountability.

As of the passage of SB 1797 in May 2012, the Oklahoma Legislature has yet to approve a budget for the new State agency.