[6] The park holds a remnant of the Nigerian lowland forests that once formed a continuous 50–100 km (31–62 mi) wide belt from the Niger River west to the Dahomey Gap in Benin.

[citation needed] The 200 km2 (77 sq mi) wildlife sanctuary, a rainforest ecosystem that is the habitat for many endangered species of flora and fauna, was gazetted from the Okomu Forest Reserve in 1935.

[10] The NCF was diverted into assisting migrant farmers in the surrounding areas, in an attempt to help the villagers find alternative means of living without encroaching on the forest.

[9] The NCF agricultural initiatives had the perverse effect of attracting immigrants from poorer areas, and thus increasing the pressure from illegal hunting and logging.

[15] Among the common trees are Kapok, Celtis zenkeri, Triplochiton scleroxylon, Antiaris africana, Pycnanthus angolensis and Alstonia congensis.

[15][17] visitors can stay at chalets built on stilts, just outside the park entrance, surrounded by fig trees that are often occupied by Mona monkeys.

[20] Other animals found in the park include dwarf crocodiles, red river hog, sitatunga, warthog, civet cat, Maxwell's duiker, grass cutter, mona monkey, Thomas's galago and tree pangolin and the red-capped mangabey (Cercocebus torquatus)[21] About 150 species of birds have been identified.

[22] A survey of land molluscs in a small area of the forest found 46 species in 11 molluscan families, of which Streptaxidae snails accounted for over a third.

[4] However, the park is threatened by large-scale illegal logging, the expansion of large rubber and oil-palm plantations nearby, and incursions by a growing human population involved in farming and hunting.

[12] In 2009, the executive director of LifeTag, a non-governmental organisation (NGO) based in Lagos, called for urgent action by the Edo State government to prevent further illegal encroachment and destructive logging activities in the park, which both threaten the rare species and will destroy the long-term revenue to be earned from eco-tourism.

He went on to say "The establishment of LAC for Okomu Park is the most significant move ever made to guarantee the continuous protection of its diverse rich biological resources and splendour".

This intrusion into the park's pristine environment is largely characterized by unlawful actions, including farming, hunting (often involving poaching), illegal logging, and the collection of non-timber forest products, all of which run counter to established legal restrictions.

Illegal hunting and poaching, activities that pose a significant threat to the park's wildlife, including rare and endangered species, continue to be a persistent challenge.

Similarly, the collection of non-timber forest products, while motivated by subsistence and economic needs, has the potential to negatively affect plant and animal populations and disturb the park's overall ecological equilibrium.

These strategies aim to strike a balance between preserving the unique natural heritage of Okomu National Park and addressing the essential needs and concerns of local communities.

Tourists pay entrance fees, engage in guided tours, and spend money on accommodations, food, and local crafts.

The park supports research and conservation activities that can lead to funding and grants from both governmental and non-governmental organizations, contributing to the local and national economy.

Within Okomu Forest Reserve, visitors can access various amenities designed to enhance their experience while preserving the natural environment.

There are also an extensive network of trails and pathways for hiking and exploration, as well as designated picnic areas for a leisurely escape amidst the lush surroundings.

Okomu Forest Reserve offers a range of ecotourism activities to immerse visitors in its remarkable natural beauty.

Guided nature walks are a popular choice, allowing tourists to explore the diverse ecosystems and encounter the rich biodiversity that thrives within the reserve.

The reserve frequently organizes events and initiatives with a focus on conservation, such as tree planting and wildlife protection activities, to engage visitors in safeguarding this unique ecosystem.

These partnerships involve joint initiatives to enforce environmental regulations, protect wildlife, and promote sustainable land use practices within and around the park.

The NPS, in particular, is responsible for the oversight and management of national parks in Nigeria, providing vital support to Okomu's conservation objectives.

[citation needed] These partnerships and collaborations highlight the multifaceted approach taken by Okomu National Park in its commitment to biodiversity conservation and environmental education.

By working together with a range of stakeholders, the park is better equipped to achieve its conservation goals and promote the long-term sustainability of this vital ecosystem.