The architectural design was inspired by the works of English architect Christopher Wren, who was responsible for rebuilding London after the Great Fire.

Therefore, the Old North fulfilled that social function, supplying merchants and ship captains with a religious common ground to build their inter-Atlantic trust upon.

[3] Merchants of Boston would trade goods and traffic enslaved African peoples throughout the Caribbean in exchange for cacao from the Dutch colony, Suriname.

[3] The two Old North members aboard the Rising Sun, Captain Newark Jackson and the merchant George Ledain, did not survive the mutiny.

Logwood was sought after for its purple-red hue, becoming popular as a base for stable black and deep purple dyes for fabric, leather, etc.

Most ended up in plantation economies of the South, but some were taken to northern hubs of commerce, such as Boston, which was then under European colonial rule and had a long historical association with African slavery.

[8] Until slavery was abolished in Massachusetts in 1783, it was commonplace for wealthy families in and around Boston to enslave Black and Indigenous peoples as supplemental to household labor.

Cutler was a missionary of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts (SPG), tasked with converting enslaved Black and Indigenous peoples in the area.

The box pews in the sanctuary would have cost an initial 30 pounds, but owners were also expected to pay an annual tax and make weekly contributions.

The church also had two pews in the back of the center aisle designated for "Wardens and Strangers" possibly to entice non-members to join the congregation.

The four angels surrounding the organ were donated by Captain Thomas Gruchy, owner of pew #25, in 1746 after he captured them from a French ship during King George's War.

[13] In 1726, the vestry voted to pay Thomas Bennet 70 pounds for building 24 pews in the North and South Galleries upstairs, in addition to 86 benches along the back walls.

Revere and William Dawes later delivered the same message in person to patriots in Lexington, but there was a quicker way to inform the backup riders in Charlestown about the movements of the British; these backup riders, in turn, delivered the warning message to Lexington and Concord in case Revere and Dawes were arrested on the way.

The lanterns were hung for just under a minute to avoid catching the eyes of the British troops occupying Boston, but this was long enough for the message to be received in Charlestown.

One lantern was to notify Charlestown that the British Army would march over Boston Neck and the Great Bridge, and two were to notify them that the troops were taking boats across the Charles River to land near the Phips farm on Lechmere Point in Cambridge (the British Army would take the "sea" route; thus, two lanterns were hung).

The intent was to restore the church to how the Founding Fathers would have seen it, mistakenly assuming it adhered to the plain Puritan style popular in the era.

[19] Old North Church's steeple is famous for the role it played in Paul Revere's April 18, 1775, lantern signal to warn militias in Charlestown that the British were coming, launching the American Revolution.

[20] The golden weathervane crafted by Shem Drowne was fixed to the top, making Old North Church the tallest structure in Boston.

Dewart made the Old North Church available for their worship on Sunday afternoons, arranging for the minister, Henry Sartorio, to give services in their native language, Italian.

However, restrictions on immigration from Italy, coupled with the shifting of people living in the city to the suburbs, resulted in a rapidly eroding congregation by 1929.

She said: "At the Old North Church last year, your President lit a third lantern dedicated to America's third century of freedom and to renewed faith in the American ideals.

The Queen was shown the iconic statue of Paul Revere by Cyrus E. Dallin near the church before departing in a motorcade to attend a function at the Old State House.

Old North Church's records document the baptism of Byles’ enslaved servant, a man named Cato in early April 1775.

Later that evening, two men, who were likely vestryman Captain John Pulling Jr. and sexton Robert Newman, climbed the steeple and held high two lanterns to signal that the British were marching to Charlestown "by sea” across the Charles River.

Lewis traveled to churches lacking a permanent clergy, to minister to the needs of their congregants, as most Anglican priests left Boston in 1776.

[35] Recent research bridges the historical gap between the surplus of knowledge we have about wealthy and white Old North Church members, and the understudied experiences of Black and Indigenous congregants.

John and Elizabeth Humphries were a free Black couple who first appeared in Old North's records in March 1748 with the baptism of their daughter, Deborah.

"[37] In October 1765, an "Elizabeth Humphries" appears in Old North Church's marriage records, marrying an enslaved man named Robert Hunter.

The player is able to explore the crypts beneath the church and access the hidden door that leads to the Railroad's headquarters by imputing a password using the correct letters on a spinning wheel.

It was also featured at the end of the Disney film National Treasure when Sean Bean’s character and his men try to break in and the police and FBI promptly arrive and arrest him and his goons.