During that time, he was also the Deputy Chairman of the Parliamentary Friendship Group for Relations with the States of the Southern Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia).

From 2009, Schröder served as Parliamentary State Secretary in the German Federal Ministry of the Interior under ministers Thomas de Maizière (2009-2011, 2013–2018) and Hans-Peter Friedrich (2011–2013) in the second and third cabinets of Chancellor Angela Merkel.

[1] In the negotiations to form a Grand Coalition of the Christian Democrats (CDU together with the Bavarian CSU) and the Social Democrats (SPD) following the 2013 federal elections, Schröder was part of the CDU/CSU delegation in the working group on internal and legal affairs, led by Hans-Peter Friedrich and Thomas Oppermann.

Following a similar decision of his wife, Schröder announced in June 2016 that he would not stand in the 2017 federal elections but instead resign from active politics by the end of the parliamentary term.

[3] In June 2017, Schröder voted against his parliamentary group's majority and in favor of Germany's introduction of same-sex marriage.