William Oliver Strunk (March 22, 1901 – February 24, 1980) was an American musicologist.
He studied at Berlin University from 1927 to 1928 and then worked at the Library of Congress, becoming head of the Music Division in 1934.
Retiring from teaching in 1966 he moved to Grottaferrata, Italy, continuing his research on Byzantine music at the Abbey of Santa Maria (Badia Greca) there.
Strunk served as president of the Music Library Association (1935 to 1937) and was a founding member of the American Musicological Society, as well as the initial editor of the Journal of the American Musicological Society in 1948 and the president of the AMS from 1959 to 1960.
His scholarship was exceptionally broad, covering the notation of early Byzantine music, the ars nova, Renaissance motets, Haydn, and Verdi.