When different codes are displayed for different years, medal counts are combined in the case of a simple change of IOC code (such as from HOL to NED for the Netherlands) or simple change of country name (such as from Ceylon to Sri Lanka).
Of the combined 54 Olympic Games, only France, Great Britain and Switzerland have a 100% participation rate.
As of completion of the 2024 Summer Olympics, a total of 10 special delegations have earned at least one medal.
The following is the overall medal tally (top ten nations) with the records of current NOCs combined with those of their precursors (sorted by gold, then silver, then bronze), through 2024.
Number of occurrences Number of occurrences If results for East and West Germany are combined, German athletes also won the most gold medals at the 1976 Summer Olympics and the 1988 Winter Olympics, in place of the Soviet Union.
For the 1900 Summer Olympics several countries are credited with appearances that are not considered official by the IOC.
In addition, some sources include the 1906 Intercalated Games when compiling their medal tables.
[5] From 1924 through 1936, the IOC on several occasions awarded gold medals for feats of alpinism and aeronautics that occurred in the preceding four-year Olympiad.
In 1924, 1932 and 1936, gold medals were awarded to 25 mountaineers from six nations for expeditions in the Himalayas and the Matterhorn.
In 1936, a gold medal was awarded to Hermann Schreiber of Switzerland for crossing the Alps in a glider in 1935, the first time that had been done.
Australasia was a combined team of athletes from Australia and the Dominion of New Zealand that competed together at the 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics.
Various islands in the Caribbean that were part of the British Empire, including Trinidad and Tobago, Barbados, Jamaica, and those on the Leeward and Windward Islands, came together to form the Federation.The expressed intention of the Federation was to create a political unit that would become independent from Britain as a single state[17] Before that could happen, the Federation collapsed due to internal political conflicts over how it would be governed or function viably.
After the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1993, the Czech Republic and Slovakia sent independent teams to the Olympics starting in 1994.
Germany has competed under five different designations, including as two separate teams at several Games.
A part of Germany, Saar, competed independently in the Summer Olympic games in 1952, but failed to win any medals.
Curaçao and Sint Maarten became separate constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
After the Chinese Civil War, the ROC retreated to the island of Taiwan in 1949, and only Taiwan-based athletes have competed on its behalf since then.
The Republic of China took part in the Opening Ceremony of the 1924 Summer Olympics, but its four athletes, all of whom were tennis players, withdrew from competition.
[27][28][29] Some sources combine the Soviet Union and Russia, despite the fact that many republics which subsequently gained or re-gained independence (Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine and Uzbekistan) contributed to the medal tally of the USSR, and there are sources that combine all medals of RU1, URS, EUN, OAR, ROC and RUS.
[30][31] On 31 January 1992, the United Nations recognized, without objection, Russia as legal successor of the rights and obligations of the former Soviet Union,[32] but this has no significance in medal tallies.
Medal counts: Russia combined with precursors status after the 2024 Summer Olympics No.
Medal counts: Post-Soviet states (except Russia) status after the 2024 Summer Olympics No.
All former republics were entitled to state succession, while none of them continued SFR Yugoslavia's international legal personality.
At the 1996[34] and 2000[35] Games, the nation was designated with the same code, Yugoslavia (YUG), as the defunct SFRY.
[36] Two of the successor nations (Croatia and Slovenia) began to compete as independent teams at the Olympics starting at the 1992 Winter Games and Bosnia and Herzegovina at the 1992 Summer Games and as of the 2008 Summer Olympics, all six successor nations, former socialist republics, have participated independently.
The nationalities of many medalists at the 1904 Olympics are disputed as many competitors were recent immigrants to the United States who had not yet been granted US citizenship.
All-time medal counts are compiled using various sources, often adding up related results for Russia, Germany, Serbia, the Czech Republic, etc.