Opisthoteuthis chathamensis, commonly known as the roughy umbrella octopus,[2] is a species of cirrate octopus restricted to demersal habitats surrounding the Chatham Rise in New Zealand.

[3] Specimens have been recorded solely on soft sediments from 900–1438 meters deep.

[6] Their oral surface and the webbing between their tentacles is maroon and the suckers are a pale cream.

[7] O. chathamensis is listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN due to a 70% decrease in population size in recent years, and has not been seen since 1999, when it was a common bycatch species.

In addition, their longevity, low fecundity and slow growth (especially embryonic development which lasts 1.4-2.6 years among other species in the genus) has made them particularly susceptible to population declines and slow recoveries.