It is endemic to Western New Guinea (Indonesia) and known from its type locality, the Wondiwoi Mountains at the base of the Wandammen Peninsula, and from another location further east between Nabire and Mapia.

About one half of animals have a conspicuous whitish mid-dorsal line that has blackish borders, and similarly many have a W-shaped mark in the scapular area, surrounding two whitish spots.

[2] Oreophryne atrigularis is known from both dense and open tropical rainforest at elevations of 350–750 m (1,150–2,460 ft) above sea level.

[1] Some selective logging is taking place in the range of this species, but probably not to an extent that would pose a serious threat.

Oreophryne atrigularis in the Wandamen Nature Reserve, but this is not securing it from logging.