[1] This law was enacted by the French National Assembly during a period of constitutional reform, nationalist demands, and the early stages of the Algerian War.
[2] It established an Algerian Assembly, proclaimed "effective equality among all French citizens" (Article 2), and granted Algeria some autonomous financial and administrative powers.
[5] Algeria's indigenous population, however, remained subject to the Indigénat system, which imposed legal and civil restrictions, distinguishing them from European settlers.
[6] Despite being classified as French nationals, most indigenous Muslims and Jews did not have full citizenship rights unless they renounced their religious-based personal status.
[5] The Crémieux Decree of 1870 granted French citizenship to Algerian Jews but excluded Muslims, reinforcing the disparity in civil and political rights.