Osashima Station is served by the 259.4 km (161.2 mi) Soya Main Line from Asahikawa to Wakkanai, and lies 135.6 km from the starting point of the line at Asahikawa.

[1] With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR Hokkaido.

[1] In July 2016, JR Hokkaido informed the local government of its intention to close the station from the start of the revised timetable in March 2017 due to low patronage.

[2] However, in April 2017, it was announced that JR Hokkaido would continue to maintain the station for the time being.

[4] During the period between fiscal 2011 and 2015, the station was used on average by less than one passenger daily.