Together with the Schwarzwälder Hochwald, it forms the Hochwald or "upland forest" of the Hunsrück, the southwestern part of the Rhenish Massif in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.
Northeast of the Hochwald are the Idar Forest and Soonwald.
At the foot of the Rösterkopf rises the River Ruwer, a right tributary of the Moselle.
The watershed between the Moselle (Feller Bach and Ruwer) and the Saar (Wadrill/Prims) runs through the Osburger Hochwald.
There are rescue points for the emergency services at various prominent places in the forest.