Otto Kalischer

[1] He studied medicine in Freiburg im Breisgau and wrote his doctoral dissertation "Über die Nierenveränderungen bei Scharlach" in 1891.

[3] According to the Gedenkbuch published by the German Federal Archies, Otto Kalischer perished in Berlin on August 14, 1942, by his own hand.

[3] He undertook very careful anatomical investigation of urogenital muscles by means of continuous serial sections, and described these structures in great detail.

[10][11][12][13] He searched for brain sites related to avian vocal behavior and performed both left and bilateral hemisphere lesions on sixty Amazon parrots.

It has been estimated retrospectively, that Kalischer’s lesions probably damaged both robust nucleus of archistriatum (RA) and the hyperstriatum ventrale, pars caudalis (HVc).

[18] During the February 21, 1907 meeting of the Physical-Mathematical Section of the Prussian Academy of Sciences Kalischer reported some experiments which he had carried on for the purpose of testing the relation between the temporal cortex and tone-perception in dogs.

[19] He purposed particularly to test experimentally the earlier conclusion of Hermann Munk regarding the function of this area.

He made some of his dogs temporarily blind, by sewing their eyelids together and reported, that the accuracy of discrimination was not affected.

Harry Miles Johnson in 1913 criticised Kalischer's procedure for the design of experiment and incomplete data presented.

Data on both of these questions are highly desirable in reports of behavior experiments (...) It would have been much better if Kalischer had applied some form of control tests with the experimenter and others as well out of the room[20]".