It is located in the Northern Ostrobothnia region, 101 kilometres (63 mi) south of the city of Oulu.

In addition to the town center, the municipality includes the villages of Kilpua, Lehtopää, Matkaniva, Petäjäskoski, Piipsjärvi and Honkaranta.

[6] The station has three platforms each with designated boarding areas, a ticket vending machine, car parking and a bicycle stand.

[8] Notable annual events include the National Veteran Machines Fair (Waltakunnalliset Weteraanikonepäivät)[9] and Oulainen Music Weeks (Oulaisten Musiikkiviikot).

The Oulainen Youth Choir (Oulaisten Nuorisokuoro) has received international acclaim.