The capital and largest city is Dublin, on the eastern side of the island.
It shares its only land border with Northern Ireland, which is part of the United Kingdom.
The country also has the highest quality of life in the world, ranking first in the Economist Intelligence Unit's Quality-of-life index.
Ireland participates in a number of cross-border bodies with the United Kingdom as a result of the Good Friday Agreement/Belfast Agreement, and certain government functions, including tourism, food safety and inland waterways, are partially run on an all-island basis.
Ireland's population is the fastest growing in Europe, with an annual growth rate of 2.5%.